Onion leaves are fleshy, hollow, and cylindrical, with the following characteristics:
- Arrangement: Leaves grow in a flattened, fan-shaped swathe at the base of the plant
- Color: Leaves are yellowish- to bluish green
- Shape: Leaves are linear, with parallel sides and a cross-section that can be flat or circular
- Length: Leaves can be 100–500 mm long
- Scent: When crushed, leaves have an onion-like or garlic-like scent
Onions are part of the Alliaceae family, which includes perennial herbs. Other characteristics of onions include:
- Flowers: Flowers are actinomorphic (radially symmetrical) and clustered in an umbel at the top of the flowering stem
- Fruit: The fruit is a dry capsule containing black seeds that may be winged
- Roots: Onions have shallow, fibrous roots that grow up to 30 cm long and spread radially about 30 cm from the stem
Onions are toxic to cattle, cats, and dogs, and, to a lesser extent, sheep and goats.
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